美国正快速重建稀土磁铁供应链 摆脱中国
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美国已经加快步伐重新构建稀土磁铁供应链,把中国占比高份额的生产工序转移到美国国内。
稀土用于生产发动机和磁铁,对于电机和汽车制造业来说必不可少 路透社/REUTERS/David Becker
据日经网站今天18日报道,一度废弃的美国帕斯山(Mountain
Pass)稀土矿正在大规模再投资,矿区内的矿坑和加工设施鳞次栉比。
这个在内华达州的8.9平方公里的稀土矿预计在2024年之前,共计投资7亿美元,以完善相关设施,从开采的矿石中提取高纯度金属的分离-精炼工序。
中国在分离·提炼工序领域占有全球9成的份额。该矿山之前也是将矿石加工成中间产品之后再出口到中国。今后将继续出口,同时会逐步启动新设备,自己进行部分加工。
日经引述该矿高级副总裁斯拉斯彻(音译)表示,他们在过去两年间,新建和更新了8个设施”。现在分离设备已开始试运行。
该报道说,进行精炼之后,计划由日本的住友商事直接从该矿山购买用于纯电动车马达磁铁使用的钕等元素,通过在东南亚加工,降低供应链对中国的依赖程度。
美国政府把用于纯电动汽车及军用品的稀土,定位为战略物资。五角大楼已累计提供大约4千500万美元的援助。
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